1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2
3	# TODO: Need a SETUP section.
4
5	#### SETUP
6	a=(1 '2 3')
7
8	#### "${a[@]}" and "${a[*]}"
9	a=(1 '2 3')
10	argv.py "${a[@]}" "${a[*]}"
11	## stdout: ['1', '2 3', '1 2 3']
12
13	#### ${a[@]} and ${a[*]}
14	a=(1 '2 3')
15	argv.py ${a[@]} ${a[*]}
16	## stdout: ['1', '2', '3', '1', '2', '3']
17
18	#### 4 ways to interpolate empty array
19	argv.py 1 "${a[@]}" 2 ${a[@]} 3 "${a[*]}" 4 ${a[*]} 5
20	## stdout: ['1', '2', '3', '', '4', '5']
21
22	#### empty array
23	empty=()
24	argv.py "${empty[@]}"
25	## stdout: []
26
27	#### Empty array with :-
28	empty=()
29	argv.py ${empty[@]:-not one} "${empty[@]:-not one}"
30	## stdout: ['not', 'one', 'not one']
31
32	#### nounset with empty array (design bug, makes it hard to use arrays)
33	# http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/help-bash/2017-09/msg00005.html
34	# NOTE: This used to be a bug in bash 4.3, but is fixed in bash 4.4.
35	set -o nounset
36	empty=()
37	argv.py "${empty[@]}"
38	echo status=$?
39	## STDOUT:
40	[]
41	status=0
42	## END
43	## BUG mksh stdout-json: ""
44	## BUG mksh status: 1
45
46	#### local array
47	# mksh support local variables, but not local arrays, oddly.
48	f() {
49	local a=(1 '2 3')
50	argv.py "${a[0]}"
51	}
52	f
53	## stdout: ['1']
54	## status: 0
55	## BUG mksh status: 1
56	## BUG mksh stdout-json: ""
57
58	#### Command with with word splitting in array
59	array=('1 2' $(echo '3 4'))
60	argv.py "${array[@]}"
61	## stdout: ['1 2', '3', '4']
62
63	#### space before ( in array initialization
64	# NOTE: mksh accepts this, but bash doesn't
65	a= (1 '2 3')
66	echo $a
67	## status: 2
68	## OK mksh status: 0
69	## OK mksh stdout: 1
70
71	#### array over multiple lines
72	a=(
73	1
74	'2 3'
75	)
76	argv.py "${a[@]}"
77	## stdout: ['1', '2 3']
78	## status: 0
79
80	#### array with invalid token
81	a=(
82	1
83	&
84	'2 3'
85	)
86	argv.py "${a[@]}"
87	## status: 2
88	## OK mksh status: 1
89
90	#### array with empty string
91	empty=('')
92	argv.py "${empty[@]}"
93	## stdout: ['']
94
95	#### Retrieve index
96	a=(1 '2 3')
97	argv.py "${a[1]}"
98	## stdout: ['2 3']
99
100	#### Retrieve out of bounds index
101	a=(1 '2 3')
102	argv.py "${a[3]}"
103	## stdout: ['']
104
105	#### Negative index
106	a=(1 '2 3')
107	argv.py "${a[-1]}" "${a[-2]}" "${a[-5]}" # last one out of bounds
108	## stdout: ['2 3', '1', '']
109	## N-I mksh stdout: ['', '', '']
110
111	#### Retrieve index that is a variable
112	a=(1 '2 3')
113	i=1
114	argv.py "${a[$i]}"
115	## stdout: ['2 3']
116
117	#### Retrieve index that is a variable without $
118	a=(1 '2 3')
119	i=5
120	argv.py "${a[i-4]}"
121	## stdout: ['2 3']
122
123	#### Retrieve index that is a command sub
124	a=(1 '2 3')
125	argv.py "${a[$(echo 1)]}"
126	## stdout: ['2 3']
127
128	#### Retrieve array indices with ${!a}
129	a=(1 '2 3')
130	argv.py "${!a[@]}"
131	## stdout: ['0', '1']
132
133	#### Retrieve sparse array indices with ${!a}
134	a=()
135	(( a[99]=1 ))
136	argv.py "${!a[@]}"
137	## STDOUT:
138	['99']
139	## END
140
141	#### ${!a[1]} is named ref in bash
142	# mksh ignores it
143	foo=bar
144	a=('1 2' foo '2 3')
145	argv.py "${!a[1]}"
146	## status: 0
147	## stdout: ['bar']
148	## N-I mksh stdout: ['a[1]']
149
150	#### ${!a} on array is disallowed
151	# bash gives empty string because it's like a[0]
152	# mksh gives the name of the variable with !. Very weird.
153	a=(1 '2 3')
154	argv.py "${!a}"
155	## stdout-json: ""
156	## status: 1
157	## BUG bash stdout: ['']
158	## BUG bash status: 0
159	## BUG mksh stdout: ['a']
160	## BUG mksh status: 0
161
162	#### All elements unquoted
163	a=(1 '2 3')
164	argv.py ${a[@]}
165	## stdout: ['1', '2', '3']
166
167	#### All elements quoted
168	a=(1 '2 3')
169	argv.py "${a[@]}"
170	## stdout: ['1', '2 3']
171
172	#### $*
173	a=(1 '2 3')
174	argv.py ${a[*]}
175	## stdout: ['1', '2', '3']
176
177	#### "$*"
178	a=(1 '2 3')
179	argv.py "${a[*]}"
180	## stdout: ['1 2 3']
181
182	#### Interpolate array into array
183	a=(1 '2 3')
184	a=(0 "${a[@]}" '4 5')
185	argv.py "${a[@]}"
186	## stdout: ['0', '1', '2 3', '4 5']
187
188	#### Exporting array doesn't do anything, not even first element
189	# bash parses, but doesn't execute.
190	# mksh gives syntax error -- parses differently with 'export'
191	# osh no longer parses this statically.
192	export PYTHONPATH=(a b c)
193	export PYTHONPATH=a # NOTE: in bash, this doesn't work afterward!
194	printenv.py PYTHONPATH
195	## stdout-json: ""
196	## status: 1
197	## OK bash stdout: None
198	## OK bash status: 0
199
200	#### Arrays can't be used as env bindings
201	# Hm bash it treats it as a string!
202	A=a B=(b b) printenv.py A B
203	## status: 2
204	## stdout-json: ""
205	## OK bash stdout-json: "a\n(b b)\n"
206	## OK bash status: 0
207	## OK mksh status: 1
208
209	#### Set element
210	a=(1 '2 3')
211	a[0]=9
212	argv.py "${a[@]}"
213	## stdout: ['9', '2 3']
214
215	#### Set element with var ref
216	a=(1 '2 3')
217	i=0
218	a[$i]=9
219	argv.py "${a[@]}"
220	## stdout: ['9', '2 3']
221
222	#### Set element with array ref
223	# This makes parsing a little more complex. Anything can be inside [],
224	# including other [].
225	a=(1 '2 3')
226	i=(0 1)
227	a[${i[1]}]=9
228	argv.py "${a[@]}"
229	## stdout: ['1', '9']
230
231	#### Set array item to array
232	a=(1 2)
233	a[0]=(3 4)
234	echo "status=$?"
235	## stdout-json: ""
236	## status: 2
237	## N-I mksh status: 1
238	## BUG bash stdout: status=1
239	## BUG bash status: 0
240
241	#### Slice of array with [@]
242	# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension.
243	a=(1 2 3)
244	argv.py "${a[@]:1:2}"
245	## stdout: ['2', '3']
246	## N-I mksh status: 1
247	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
248
249	#### Negative slice begin
250	# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension.
251	# NOTE: for some reason -2) has to be in parens? Ah that's because it
252	# conflicts with :-! That's silly. You can also add a space.
253	a=(1 2 3 4 5)
254	argv.py "${a[@]:(-4)}"
255	## stdout: ['2', '3', '4', '5']
256	## N-I mksh status: 1
257	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
258
259	#### Negative slice length
260	a=(1 2 3 4 5)
261	argv.py "${a[@]: 1: -3}"
262	## status: 1
263	## stdout-json: ""
264
265	#### Slice with arithmetic
266	a=(1 2 3)
267	i=5
268	argv.py "${a[@]:i-4:2}"
269	## stdout: ['2', '3']
270	## N-I mksh status: 1
271	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
272
273	#### Number of elements
274	a=(1 '2 3')
275	echo "${#a[@]}" ${#a[@]} # bug fix: also test without quotes
276	## stdout: 2 2
277
278	#### Length of an element
279	a=(1 '2 3')
280	echo "${#a[1]}"
281	## stdout: 3
282
283	#### Iteration
284	a=(1 '2 3')
285	for v in "${a[@]}"; do
286	echo $v
287	done
288	## stdout-json: "1\n2 3\n"
289
290	#### glob within array yields separate elements
291	touch _tmp/y.Y _tmp/yy.Y
292	a=(_tmp/*.Y)
293	argv.py "${a[@]}"
294	## stdout: ['_tmp/y.Y', '_tmp/yy.Y']
295
296	#### declare array and then append
297	declare -a array
298	array+=(a)
299	array+=(b c)
300	argv.py "${array[@]}"
301	## stdout: ['a', 'b', 'c']
302
303	#### Array syntax in wrong place
304	ls foo=(1 2)
305	## status: 1
306	## OK bash status: 2
307
308	#### Single array with :-
309	# bash does EMPTY ELISION here, unless it's double quoted. mksh has
310	# more sane behavior. OSH is better.
311	single=('')
312	argv.py ${single[@]:-none} x "${single[@]:-none}"
313	## OK osh stdout: ['x', '']
314	## OK bash stdout: ['none', 'x', '']
315	## OK mksh stdout: ['none', 'x', 'none']
316
317	#### Stripping a whole array unquoted
318	# Problem: it joins it first.
319	files=('foo.c' 'sp ace.h' 'bar.c')
320	argv.py ${files[@]%.c}
321	## status: 0
322	## stdout: ['foo', 'sp', 'ace.h', 'bar']
323	## N-I mksh status: 1
324	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
325
326	#### Stripping a whole array quoted
327	files=('foo.c' 'sp ace.h' 'bar.c')
328	argv.py "${files[@]%.c}"
329	## status: 0
330	## stdout: ['foo', 'sp ace.h', 'bar']
331	## N-I mksh status: 1
332	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
333
334	#### Multiple subscripts not allowed
335	# NOTE: bash 4.3 had a bug where it ignored the bad subscript, but now it is
336	# fixed.
337	a=('123' '456')
338	argv.py "${a[0]}" "${a[0][0]}"
339	## stdout-json: ""
340	## status: 2
341	## OK bash/mksh status: 1
342
343	#### Length op, index op, then transform op is not allowed
344	a=('123' '456')
345	echo "${#a[0]}" "${#a[0]/1/xxx}"
346	## stdout-json: ""
347	## status: 2
348	## OK bash/mksh status: 1
349
350	#### Array subscript not allowed on string
351	s='abc'
352	echo ${s[@]}
353	## BUG bash/mksh status: 0
354	## BUG bash/mksh stdout: abc
355	## status: 1
356
357	#### Create a "user" array out of the argv array
358	set -- 'a b' 'c'
359	array1=('x y' 'z')
360	array2=("$@")
361	argv.py "${array1[@]}" "${array2[@]}"
362	## stdout: ['x y', 'z', 'a b', 'c']
363
364	#### Tilde expansion within array
365	HOME=/home/bob
366	a=(~/src ~/git)
367	echo "${a[@]}"
368	## stdout: /home/bob/src /home/bob/git
369
370	#### Brace Expansion within Array
371	a=(-{a,b} {c,d}-)
372	echo "${a[@]}"
373	## stdout: -a -b c- d-
374
375	#### array default
376	default=('1 2' '3')
377	argv.py "${undef[@]:-${default[@]}}"
378	## stdout: ['1 2', '3']
379
380	#### Singleton Array Copy and Assign. OSH can't index strings with ints
381	a=( '12 3' )
382	b=( "${a[@]}" )
383	c="${a[@]}" # This decays it to a string
384	d=${a[*]} # This decays it to a string
385	echo ${#a[0]} ${#b[0]}
386	echo ${#a[@]} ${#b[@]}
387
388	# osh is intentionally stricter, and these fail.
389	echo ${#c[0]} ${#d[0]}
390	echo ${#c[@]} ${#d[@]}
391
392	## status: 1
393	## STDOUT:
394	4 4
395	1 1
396	## END
397	## OK bash/mksh status: 0
398	## OK bash/mksh STDOUT:
399	4 4
400	1 1
401	4 4
402	1 1
403	## END
404
405	#### declare -a / local -a is empty array
406	declare -a myarray
407	argv.py "${myarray[@]}"
408	myarray+=('x')
409	argv.py "${myarray[@]}"
410
411	f() {
412	local -a myarray
413	argv.py "${myarray[@]}"
414	myarray+=('x')
415	argv.py "${myarray[@]}"
416	}
417	f
418	## STDOUT:
419	[]
420	['x']
421	[]
422	['x']
423	## END
424
425	#### Create sparse array
426	a=()
427	(( a[99]=1 )) # osh doesn't parse index assignment outside arithmetic yet
428	echo len=${#a[@]}
429	argv.py "${a[@]}"
430	echo "unset=${a[33]}"
431	echo len-of-unset=${#a[33]}
432	## STDOUT:
433	len=1
434	['1']
435	unset=
436	len-of-unset=0
437	## END
438
439	#### Create sparse array implicitly
440	(( a[99]=1 ))
441	echo len=${#a[@]}
442	argv.py "${a[@]}"
443	echo "unset=${a[33]}"
444	echo len-of-unset=${#a[33]}
445	## STDOUT:
446	len=1
447	['1']
448	unset=
449	len-of-unset=0
450	## END
451
452	#### Append sparse arrays
453	a=()
454	(( a[99]=1 ))
455	b=()
456	(( b[33]=2 ))
457	(( b[66]=3 ))
458	a+=( "${b[@]}" )
459	argv.py "${a[@]}"
460	argv.py "${a[99]}" "${a[100]}" "${a[101]}"
461	## STDOUT:
462	['1', '2', '3']
463	['1', '2', '3']
464	## END
465
466	#### Slice of sparse array with [@]
467	# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension.
468	(( a[33]=1 ))
469	(( a[66]=2 ))
470	(( a[99]=2 ))
471	argv.py "${a[@]:15:2}"
472	## stdout: ['1', '2']
473	## N-I mksh status: 1
474	## N-I mksh stdout-json: ""
475
476	#### Using an array itself as the index on LHS
477	shopt -u strict-arith
478	a[a]=42
479	a[a]=99
480	argv "${a[@]}" "${a[0]}" "${a[42]}" "${a[99]}"
481
482	## status: 1
483	## stdout-json: ""
484
485	## BUG bash/mksh status: 0
486	## BUG bash/mksh STDOUT:
487	['42', '99', '42', '99', '']
488	## END
489
490	#### Using an array itself as the index on RHS
491	shopt -u strict-arith
492	a=(1 2 3)
493	(( x = a[a] ))
494	echo $x
495	## status: 1
496	## stdout-json: ""
497	## BUG bash/mksh status: 0
498	## BUG bash/mksh STDOUT:
499	2
500	## END
501
502	#### a[$x$y] on LHS and RHS
503	x=1
504	y=2
505	a[$x$y]=foo
506
507	# not allowed by OSH parsing
508	#echo ${a[$x$y]}
509
510	echo ${a[12]}
511	echo ${#a[@]}
512
513	## STDOUT:
514	foo
515	1
516	## END