1 |
|
2 |
# TODO: Need a SETUP section. |
3 |
|
4 |
#### SETUP |
5 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
6 |
|
7 |
#### "${a[@]}" and "${a[*]}" |
8 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
9 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" "${a[*]}" |
10 |
## stdout: ['1', '2 3', '1 2 3'] |
11 |
|
12 |
#### ${a[@]} and ${a[*]} |
13 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
14 |
argv.py ${a[@]} ${a[*]} |
15 |
## stdout: ['1', '2', '3', '1', '2', '3'] |
16 |
|
17 |
#### 4 ways to interpolate empty array |
18 |
argv.py 1 "${a[@]}" 2 ${a[@]} 3 "${a[*]}" 4 ${a[*]} 5 |
19 |
## stdout: ['1', '2', '3', '', '4', '5'] |
20 |
|
21 |
#### empty array |
22 |
empty=() |
23 |
argv.py "${empty[@]}" |
24 |
## stdout: [] |
25 |
|
26 |
#### Empty array with :- |
27 |
empty=() |
28 |
argv.py ${empty[@]:-not one} "${empty[@]:-not one}" |
29 |
## stdout: ['not', 'one', 'not one'] |
30 |
|
31 |
#### nounset with empty array (design bug, makes it hard to use arrays) |
32 |
# http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/help-bash/2017-09/msg00005.html |
33 |
# NOTE: This used to be a bug in bash 4.3, but is fixed in bash 4.4. |
34 |
set -o nounset |
35 |
empty=() |
36 |
argv.py "${empty[@]}" |
37 |
echo status=$? |
38 |
## STDOUT: |
39 |
[] |
40 |
status=0 |
41 |
## END |
42 |
## BUG mksh stdout-json: "" |
43 |
## BUG mksh status: 1 |
44 |
|
45 |
#### local array |
46 |
# mksh support local variables, but not local arrays, oddly. |
47 |
f() { |
48 |
local a=(1 '2 3') |
49 |
argv.py "${a[0]}" |
50 |
} |
51 |
f |
52 |
## stdout: ['1'] |
53 |
## status: 0 |
54 |
## BUG mksh status: 1 |
55 |
## BUG mksh stdout-json: "" |
56 |
|
57 |
#### Command with with word splitting in array |
58 |
array=('1 2' $(echo '3 4')) |
59 |
argv.py "${array[@]}" |
60 |
## stdout: ['1 2', '3', '4'] |
61 |
|
62 |
#### space before ( in array initialization |
63 |
# NOTE: mksh accepts this, but bash doesn't |
64 |
a= (1 '2 3') |
65 |
echo $a |
66 |
## status: 2 |
67 |
## OK mksh status: 0 |
68 |
## OK mksh stdout: 1 |
69 |
|
70 |
#### array over multiple lines |
71 |
a=( |
72 |
1 |
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'2 3' |
74 |
) |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
76 |
## stdout: ['1', '2 3'] |
77 |
## status: 0 |
78 |
|
79 |
#### array with invalid token |
80 |
a=( |
81 |
1 |
82 |
& |
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'2 3' |
84 |
) |
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argv.py "${a[@]}" |
86 |
## status: 2 |
87 |
## OK mksh status: 1 |
88 |
|
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#### array with empty string |
90 |
empty=('') |
91 |
argv.py "${empty[@]}" |
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## stdout: [''] |
93 |
|
94 |
#### Retrieve index |
95 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[1]}" |
97 |
## stdout: ['2 3'] |
98 |
|
99 |
#### Retrieve out of bounds index |
100 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
101 |
argv.py "${a[3]}" |
102 |
## stdout: [''] |
103 |
|
104 |
#### Negative index |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[-1]}" "${a[-2]}" "${a[-5]}" # last one out of bounds |
107 |
## stdout: ['2 3', '1', ''] |
108 |
## N-I mksh stdout: ['', '', ''] |
109 |
|
110 |
#### Negative index and sparse array |
111 |
a=(0 1 2 3 4) |
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unset a[1] |
113 |
unset a[4] |
114 |
echo "${a[@]}" |
115 |
echo -1 ${a[-1]} |
116 |
echo -2 ${a[-2]} |
117 |
echo -3 ${a[-3]} |
118 |
echo -4 ${a[-4]} |
119 |
echo -5 ${a[-5]} |
120 |
|
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a[-1]+=0 # append 0 on the end |
122 |
echo ${a[@]} |
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(( a[-1] += 42 )) |
124 |
echo ${a[@]} |
125 |
|
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## STDOUT: |
127 |
0 2 3 |
128 |
-1 3 |
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-2 2 |
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-3 |
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-4 0 |
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-5 |
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0 2 30 |
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0 2 72 |
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## END |
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## BUG mksh STDOUT: |
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0 2 3 |
138 |
-1 |
139 |
-2 |
140 |
-3 |
141 |
-4 |
142 |
-5 |
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0 2 3 0 |
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0 2 3 42 |
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## END |
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|
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#### Negative index and sparse array |
148 |
a=(0 1) |
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unset 'a[-1]' # remove last element |
150 |
a+=(2 3) |
151 |
echo ${a[0]} $((a[0])) |
152 |
echo ${a[1]} $((a[1])) |
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echo ${a[2]} $((a[2])) |
154 |
echo ${a[3]} $((a[3])) |
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## STDOUT: |
156 |
0 0 |
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2 2 |
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3 3 |
159 |
0 |
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## END |
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## BUG mksh STDOUT: |
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0 0 |
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1 1 |
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2 2 |
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3 3 |
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## END |
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|
168 |
#### Length after unset |
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a=(0 1 2 3) |
170 |
unset a[-1] |
171 |
echo len=${#a[@]} |
172 |
unset a[-1] |
173 |
echo len=${#a[@]} |
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## STDOUT: |
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len=3 |
176 |
len=2 |
177 |
## END |
178 |
## BUG mksh STDOUT: |
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len=4 |
180 |
len=4 |
181 |
## END |
182 |
|
183 |
#### Retrieve index that is a variable |
184 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
185 |
i=1 |
186 |
argv.py "${a[$i]}" |
187 |
## stdout: ['2 3'] |
188 |
|
189 |
#### Retrieve index that is a variable without $ |
190 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
191 |
i=5 |
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argv.py "${a[i-4]}" |
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## stdout: ['2 3'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve index that is a command sub |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${a[$(echo 1)]}" |
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## stdout: ['2 3'] |
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|
200 |
#### Retrieve array indices with ${!a} |
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a=(1 '2 3') |
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argv.py "${!a[@]}" |
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## stdout: ['0', '1'] |
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|
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#### Retrieve sparse array indices with ${!a} |
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a=() |
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(( a[99]=1 )) |
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argv.py "${!a[@]}" |
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## STDOUT: |
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['99'] |
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## END |
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|
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#### ${!a[1]} is named ref in bash |
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# mksh ignores it |
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foo=bar |
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a=('1 2' foo '2 3') |
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argv.py "${!a[1]}" |
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## status: 0 |
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## stdout: ['bar'] |
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## N-I mksh stdout: ['a[1]'] |
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|
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#### ${!a} on array |
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|
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# bash gives empty string because it's like a[0] |
225 |
# mksh gives the name of the variable with !. Very weird. |
226 |
|
227 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
228 |
argv.py "${!a}" |
229 |
|
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## stdout: [''] |
231 |
## status: 0 |
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## BUG mksh stdout: ['a'] |
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## BUG mksh status: 0 |
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|
235 |
#### All elements unquoted |
236 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
237 |
argv.py ${a[@]} |
238 |
## stdout: ['1', '2', '3'] |
239 |
|
240 |
#### All elements quoted |
241 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
242 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
243 |
## stdout: ['1', '2 3'] |
244 |
|
245 |
#### $* |
246 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
247 |
argv.py ${a[*]} |
248 |
## stdout: ['1', '2', '3'] |
249 |
|
250 |
#### "$*" |
251 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
252 |
argv.py "${a[*]}" |
253 |
## stdout: ['1 2 3'] |
254 |
|
255 |
#### Interpolate array into array |
256 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
257 |
a=(0 "${a[@]}" '4 5') |
258 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
259 |
## stdout: ['0', '1', '2 3', '4 5'] |
260 |
|
261 |
#### Exporting array doesn't do anything, not even first element |
262 |
# bash parses, but doesn't execute. |
263 |
# mksh gives syntax error -- parses differently with 'export' |
264 |
# osh no longer parses this statically. |
265 |
export PYTHONPATH=(a b c) |
266 |
export PYTHONPATH=a # NOTE: in bash, this doesn't work afterward! |
267 |
printenv.py PYTHONPATH |
268 |
## stdout-json: "" |
269 |
## status: 1 |
270 |
## OK bash stdout: None |
271 |
## OK bash status: 0 |
272 |
|
273 |
#### Arrays can't be used as env bindings |
274 |
# Hm bash it treats it as a string! |
275 |
A=a B=(b b) printenv.py A B |
276 |
## status: 2 |
277 |
## stdout-json: "" |
278 |
## OK bash stdout-json: "a\n(b b)\n" |
279 |
## OK bash status: 0 |
280 |
## OK mksh status: 1 |
281 |
|
282 |
#### Set element |
283 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
284 |
a[0]=9 |
285 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
286 |
## stdout: ['9', '2 3'] |
287 |
|
288 |
#### Set element with var ref |
289 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
290 |
i=0 |
291 |
a[$i]=9 |
292 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
293 |
## stdout: ['9', '2 3'] |
294 |
|
295 |
#### Set element with array ref |
296 |
# This makes parsing a little more complex. Anything can be inside [], |
297 |
# including other []. |
298 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
299 |
i=(0 1) |
300 |
a[${i[1]}]=9 |
301 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
302 |
## stdout: ['1', '9'] |
303 |
|
304 |
#### Set array item to array |
305 |
a=(1 2) |
306 |
a[0]=(3 4) |
307 |
echo "status=$?" |
308 |
## stdout-json: "" |
309 |
## status: 2 |
310 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
311 |
## BUG bash stdout: status=1 |
312 |
## BUG bash status: 0 |
313 |
|
314 |
#### Slice of array with [@] |
315 |
# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension. |
316 |
a=(1 2 3) |
317 |
argv.py "${a[@]:1:2}" |
318 |
## stdout: ['2', '3'] |
319 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
320 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
321 |
|
322 |
#### Negative slice begin |
323 |
# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension. |
324 |
# NOTE: for some reason -2) has to be in parens? Ah that's because it |
325 |
# conflicts with :-! That's silly. You can also add a space. |
326 |
a=(1 2 3 4 5) |
327 |
argv.py "${a[@]:(-4)}" |
328 |
## stdout: ['2', '3', '4', '5'] |
329 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
330 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
331 |
|
332 |
#### Negative slice length |
333 |
a=(1 2 3 4 5) |
334 |
argv.py "${a[@]: 1: -3}" |
335 |
## status: 1 |
336 |
## stdout-json: "" |
337 |
|
338 |
#### Slice with arithmetic |
339 |
a=(1 2 3) |
340 |
i=5 |
341 |
argv.py "${a[@]:i-4:2}" |
342 |
## stdout: ['2', '3'] |
343 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
344 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
345 |
|
346 |
#### Number of elements |
347 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
348 |
echo "${#a[@]}" ${#a[@]} # bug fix: also test without quotes |
349 |
## stdout: 2 2 |
350 |
|
351 |
#### Length of an element |
352 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
353 |
echo "${#a[1]}" |
354 |
## stdout: 3 |
355 |
|
356 |
#### Iteration |
357 |
a=(1 '2 3') |
358 |
for v in "${a[@]}"; do |
359 |
echo $v |
360 |
done |
361 |
## stdout-json: "1\n2 3\n" |
362 |
|
363 |
#### glob within array yields separate elements |
364 |
touch _tmp/y.Y _tmp/yy.Y |
365 |
a=(_tmp/*.Y) |
366 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
367 |
## stdout: ['_tmp/y.Y', '_tmp/yy.Y'] |
368 |
|
369 |
#### declare array and then append |
370 |
declare -a array |
371 |
array+=(a) |
372 |
array+=(b c) |
373 |
argv.py "${array[@]}" |
374 |
## stdout: ['a', 'b', 'c'] |
375 |
|
376 |
#### Array syntax in wrong place |
377 |
ls foo=(1 2) |
378 |
## status: 1 |
379 |
## OK bash status: 2 |
380 |
|
381 |
#### Single array with :- |
382 |
# bash does EMPTY ELISION here, unless it's double quoted. mksh has |
383 |
# more sane behavior. OSH is better. |
384 |
single=('') |
385 |
argv.py ${single[@]:-none} x "${single[@]:-none}" |
386 |
## OK osh stdout: ['x', ''] |
387 |
## OK bash stdout: ['none', 'x', ''] |
388 |
## OK mksh stdout: ['none', 'x', 'none'] |
389 |
|
390 |
#### Stripping a whole array unquoted |
391 |
# Problem: it joins it first. |
392 |
files=('foo.c' 'sp ace.h' 'bar.c') |
393 |
argv.py ${files[@]%.c} |
394 |
## status: 0 |
395 |
## stdout: ['foo', 'sp', 'ace.h', 'bar'] |
396 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
397 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
398 |
|
399 |
#### Stripping a whole array quoted |
400 |
files=('foo.c' 'sp ace.h' 'bar.c') |
401 |
argv.py "${files[@]%.c}" |
402 |
## status: 0 |
403 |
## stdout: ['foo', 'sp ace.h', 'bar'] |
404 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
405 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
406 |
|
407 |
#### Multiple subscripts not allowed |
408 |
# NOTE: bash 4.3 had a bug where it ignored the bad subscript, but now it is |
409 |
# fixed. |
410 |
a=('123' '456') |
411 |
argv.py "${a[0]}" "${a[0][0]}" |
412 |
## stdout-json: "" |
413 |
## status: 2 |
414 |
## OK bash/mksh status: 1 |
415 |
|
416 |
#### Length op, index op, then transform op is not allowed |
417 |
a=('123' '456') |
418 |
echo "${#a[0]}" "${#a[0]/1/xxx}" |
419 |
## stdout-json: "" |
420 |
## status: 2 |
421 |
## OK bash/mksh status: 1 |
422 |
|
423 |
#### Array subscript not allowed on string |
424 |
s='abc' |
425 |
echo ${s[@]} |
426 |
## BUG bash/mksh status: 0 |
427 |
## BUG bash/mksh stdout: abc |
428 |
## status: 1 |
429 |
|
430 |
#### Create a "user" array out of the argv array |
431 |
set -- 'a b' 'c' |
432 |
array1=('x y' 'z') |
433 |
array2=("$@") |
434 |
argv.py "${array1[@]}" "${array2[@]}" |
435 |
## stdout: ['x y', 'z', 'a b', 'c'] |
436 |
|
437 |
#### Tilde expansion within array |
438 |
HOME=/home/bob |
439 |
a=(~/src ~/git) |
440 |
echo "${a[@]}" |
441 |
## stdout: /home/bob/src /home/bob/git |
442 |
|
443 |
#### Brace Expansion within Array |
444 |
a=(-{a,b} {c,d}-) |
445 |
echo "${a[@]}" |
446 |
## stdout: -a -b c- d- |
447 |
|
448 |
#### array default |
449 |
default=('1 2' '3') |
450 |
argv.py "${undef[@]:-${default[@]}}" |
451 |
## stdout: ['1 2', '3'] |
452 |
|
453 |
#### Singleton Array Copy and Assign. OSH can't index strings with ints |
454 |
a=( '12 3' ) |
455 |
b=( "${a[@]}" ) |
456 |
c="${a[@]}" # This decays it to a string |
457 |
d=${a[*]} # This decays it to a string |
458 |
echo ${#a[0]} ${#b[0]} |
459 |
echo ${#a[@]} ${#b[@]} |
460 |
|
461 |
# osh is intentionally stricter, and these fail. |
462 |
echo ${#c[0]} ${#d[0]} |
463 |
echo ${#c[@]} ${#d[@]} |
464 |
|
465 |
## status: 1 |
466 |
## STDOUT: |
467 |
4 4 |
468 |
1 1 |
469 |
## END |
470 |
## OK bash/mksh status: 0 |
471 |
## OK bash/mksh STDOUT: |
472 |
4 4 |
473 |
1 1 |
474 |
4 4 |
475 |
1 1 |
476 |
## END |
477 |
|
478 |
#### declare -a / local -a is empty array |
479 |
declare -a myarray |
480 |
argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
481 |
myarray+=('x') |
482 |
argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
483 |
|
484 |
f() { |
485 |
local -a myarray |
486 |
argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
487 |
myarray+=('x') |
488 |
argv.py "${myarray[@]}" |
489 |
} |
490 |
f |
491 |
## STDOUT: |
492 |
[] |
493 |
['x'] |
494 |
[] |
495 |
['x'] |
496 |
## END |
497 |
|
498 |
#### Create sparse array |
499 |
a=() |
500 |
(( a[99]=1 )) # osh doesn't parse index assignment outside arithmetic yet |
501 |
echo len=${#a[@]} |
502 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
503 |
echo "unset=${a[33]}" |
504 |
echo len-of-unset=${#a[33]} |
505 |
## STDOUT: |
506 |
len=1 |
507 |
['1'] |
508 |
unset= |
509 |
len-of-unset=0 |
510 |
## END |
511 |
|
512 |
#### Create sparse array implicitly |
513 |
(( a[99]=1 )) |
514 |
echo len=${#a[@]} |
515 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
516 |
echo "unset=${a[33]}" |
517 |
echo len-of-unset=${#a[33]} |
518 |
## STDOUT: |
519 |
len=1 |
520 |
['1'] |
521 |
unset= |
522 |
len-of-unset=0 |
523 |
## END |
524 |
|
525 |
#### Append sparse arrays |
526 |
a=() |
527 |
(( a[99]=1 )) |
528 |
b=() |
529 |
(( b[33]=2 )) |
530 |
(( b[66]=3 )) |
531 |
a+=( "${b[@]}" ) |
532 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" |
533 |
argv.py "${a[99]}" "${a[100]}" "${a[101]}" |
534 |
## STDOUT: |
535 |
['1', '2', '3'] |
536 |
['1', '2', '3'] |
537 |
## END |
538 |
|
539 |
#### Slice of sparse array with [@] |
540 |
# mksh doesn't support this syntax! It's a bash extension. |
541 |
(( a[33]=1 )) |
542 |
(( a[66]=2 )) |
543 |
(( a[99]=2 )) |
544 |
argv.py "${a[@]:15:2}" |
545 |
## stdout: ['1', '2'] |
546 |
## N-I mksh status: 1 |
547 |
## N-I mksh stdout-json: "" |
548 |
|
549 |
#### Using an array itself as the index on LHS |
550 |
shopt -u strict_arith |
551 |
a[a]=42 |
552 |
a[a]=99 |
553 |
argv.py "${a[@]}" "${a[0]}" "${a[42]}" "${a[99]}" |
554 |
|
555 |
## status: 0 |
556 |
## STDOUT: |
557 |
['42', '99', '42', '99', ''] |
558 |
## END |
559 |
|
560 |
#### Using an array itself as the index on RHS |
561 |
shopt -u strict_arith |
562 |
a=(1 2 3) |
563 |
(( x = a[a] )) |
564 |
echo $x |
565 |
## status: 0 |
566 |
## STDOUT: |
567 |
2 |
568 |
## END |
569 |
|
570 |
#### a[$x$y] on LHS and RHS |
571 |
x=1 |
572 |
y=2 |
573 |
a[$x$y]=foo |
574 |
|
575 |
# not allowed by OSH parsing |
576 |
#echo ${a[$x$y]} |
577 |
|
578 |
echo ${a[12]} |
579 |
echo ${#a[@]} |
580 |
|
581 |
## STDOUT: |
582 |
foo |
583 |
1 |
584 |
## END |
585 |
|
586 |
|
587 |
#### Dynamic parsing of LHS a[$code]=value |
588 |
|
589 |
declare -a array |
590 |
array[x=1]='one' |
591 |
|
592 |
code='y=2' |
593 |
#code='1+2' # doesn't work either |
594 |
array[$code]='two' |
595 |
|
596 |
argv.py "${array[@]}" |
597 |
echo x=$x |
598 |
echo y=$y |
599 |
|
600 |
## STDOUT: |
601 |
['one', 'two'] |
602 |
x=1 |
603 |
y=2 |
604 |
## END |
605 |
## N-I dash stdout-json: "" |
606 |
## N-I dash status: 2 |
607 |
|
608 |
#### Dynamic parsing of RHS ${a[$code]} |
609 |
declare -a array |
610 |
array=(zero one two three) |
611 |
|
612 |
echo ${array[1+2]} |
613 |
|
614 |
code='1+2' |
615 |
echo ${array[$code]} |
616 |
|
617 |
## STDOUT: |
618 |
three |
619 |
three |
620 |
## END |
621 |
|
622 |
# it still dynamically parses |
623 |
|
624 |
## OK zsh STDOUT: |
625 |
two |
626 |
two |
627 |
## END |